Model Nordik

Model Nordik (biasa disambat kapitalisme Nordik atawa demokrasi sosial Nordik) ma'acu lawan kabijakan sosial wan ekonomi nang diterapakan di negara-negara Nordik (Denmark, Finlandia, Norwegia, Islandia, wann Swedia). Kabijakan ngini mancakup gabungan kapitalisme pasar bebas lwan negara kesejahteraan wan perundingan kolektif manyaluruh di tingkat nasional.^[1][2]

Meski ada sapalih parbdaan antara negara-negara Nordik, sabarataan baisi ciri khas nang sama. Kabijakan buhannya mandukung negara kesejahteraan "universalis" nang batujuan maningkatakan kamandirian urang wan mandorong mobilitas sosial; sistem korporatis mang malibatkan kasapakatan antara tiga pihak: wakil pakarja wan majikan marundingkan upah wan kabijakan pasar tenaga kerja sambil dimediasi pamarintah;^[3] wan komitmen gasan manyabarkan kapamilikan swasta, pasar bebas, wan pardagangan bebas.^[4]

Setiap negara Nordik baisi model ekonomi wan sosialnya soranh, kadang jauh balain dibandingakan lawan negara tatangganya. Manurut sosiolog Lane Kenworthy, dalam konteks model Nordik, "demokrasi sosial" ma'acu lawan sarangkaian kabijakan nang mautamakan ka'amanan ekonomi wan kesempatan dalam karangka kerja kapitalisme daripada sistem pangganti kapitalisme.^[5]

1. ^ "The surprising ingredients of Swedish success - free markets and social cohesion" (PDF). Institute of Economic Affairs. June 25, 2013. Diakses tanggal January 15, 2014. 
2. ^ James E. McWhinney (June 25, 2013). "The Nordic Model: Pros and Cons". Investopedia. Diakses tanggal September 16, 2015. The Nordic model is a term coined to capture the unique combination of free market capitalism and social benefits that have given rise to a society that enjoys a host of top-quality services, including free education and free healthcare, as well as generous, guaranteed pension payments for retirees. These benefits are funded by taxpayers and administered by the government for the benefit of all citizens. 
3. ^ Hicks, Alexander (January 20, 2000). Social democracy and Welfare Capitalism: A century of Income Security Politics. Cornell University Press. hlm. 130. ISBN 978-0801485565. By the late 1950s, labor had been incorporated alongside Swedish business in fully elaborated corporatist institutions of collective bargaining and policy making, public as well as private, supply-side (as for labour training) as well as demand side (e.g., Keynesian). During the 1950s and 1960s, similar neocorpratist institutions developed in Denmark and Norway, in Austria and the Netherlands, and somewhat later, in Belgium and Finland. 
4. ^ James E. McWhinney (June 25, 2013). "The Nordic Model: Pros and Cons". Investopedia. Diakses tanggal September 16, 2015. The model is underpinned by a capitalist economy that encourages creative destruction. While the laws make it is easy for companies to shed workers and implement transformative business models, employees are supported by generous social welfare programs. 
5. ^ Lane Kenworthy (January 2014). "America's Social Democratic Future". Foreign Affairs. Diakses tanggal 2 April 2014.